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It is rare that industry can use directly, such that they are presented in nature, the raw materials which it needs. A treatment can be necessary to employ them, either at the gas state, or in new combinations.

The means to implement to carry out this treatment have a great importance because they must, to meet the modern needs, to achieve a double goal:

• To increase the production.

• To satisfy increasingly demanding standards of purity of the product.

In the same way, the gas and oil industry, chemistry and petrochemistry seeks more and more, and with increasingly low contents, the toxic gases and vapors in the atmosphere to satisfy the constraints of safety related on the protection of the personnel and the environment.

For these reasons, it was necessary to develop very precise ans smart methods of analysis.

When one wants to measure impurities in a gas or a mixture of gas, the electrochemical chromatography and cells are technologies most commonly used.

A chromatograph using one and to eight detectors ultra high frequency can be associated one or more columns. Its prinicipe of operation is based on the variable luminescence of certain gases in the presence of traces of impurities,it rests on the excitation of a gas by an intense electromagnetic field which causes, under certain well defined conditions, a luminescent phenomenon and whose color depends on the nature and the purity of gases.

Thus,a discharge in the argon containing of nitrogen as impurity gives to the luminescent phenomenon a mauve color.

This detector is also used when measurements uninterrupted of the impurity nitrogen are necessary (chromatographic absence of column).

In the manufacture of polyethylene, apr synthesis, it is required a product very great purity. Indeed, the presence of impurities is likely to cause an explosive decomposition, particularly dangerous because of the high pressure necessary to the synthesis, and the quantity of polyethylene obtained depends primarily on the purity of the initial product thus the oxygen content must be lower than 5 ppm and that of acetylene with 10 ppm.

The measurement of oxygen is carried out by means of an electrochemical cell.

The measurement of pollutant gases to the state of traces in environments and the wastes industrial in the atmosphere can be carried out by means of analyzers or of detectors from which the principles are different according to gases to analyze.

The detectors with photoionisation or ionization of flame portables or stations fixed used only or coupled to a chromatographic column are, with the analyzers infra-red photoacoustic, the detectors with semiconductor thin layer (H2S) or the cells electrochemical, technologies the best adapted required gases or vapors are numerous.

Let us quote benzene (C6H6), carbon monoxide (CO), the hydrogen sulphide (H2S),ammonia (NH3), the hydrochloric acid (HCI) or hydrocyanic (HCN), the COV' S etc....